¿Qué sabes sobre la clasificación de los módulos Bluetooth?
módulo Bluetooth, es una especie de PCBA placa con función Bluetooth integrada, utilizado para comunicación inalámbrica de corta distancia. Según la función, Está dividido en módulo de datos Bluetooth y módulo de voz Bluetooth.. El módulo Bluetooth se refiere a la función Bluetooth integrada de la colección de circuitos básicos del chip., utilizado para la comunicación de red inalámbrica, se puede dividir aproximadamente en tres tipos: módulo de transmisión de datos, módulo de audio bluetooth, Módulo bluetooth audio+datos dos en uno, etc.. El módulo general tiene la propiedad de producto semiacabado., que se procesa sobre la base del chip para simplificar la aplicación posterior.
Este artículo proviene de las diferentes clasificaciones de módulos Bluetooth para clasificar el tipo de módulo Bluetooth., En la medida de lo posible desde el punto de vista de la clasificación, para comprender que el módulo Bluetooth tiene algunas características y funciones..
1.Categorizado por tipo de protocolo
(1) Módulo Bluetooth clásico
Módulo Bluetooth clásico (BT) se refiere a la compatibilidad con el protocolo Bluetooth 4.0 o menos módulos se pueden subdividir en: Módulo Bluetooth tradicional y módulo Bluetooth de alta velocidad..
Módulo bluetooth tradicional: bluetooth nació al principio, el uso de la tecnología de tarifa básica BR, la tasa de transmisión teórica de bluetooth, sólo puede alcanzar 721,2 Kbps, lanzado en 2004 para apoyar el bluetooth 2.0 módulo de protocolo, el estallido de la era de los teléfonos inteligentes, la nueva tasa de mejora de bluetooth EDR (Velocidad de datos mejorada) tecnología, mejorando la multitarea y una variedad de bluetooth. Mejorando la multitarea y la capacidad de múltiples dispositivos Bluetooth para operar simultáneamente, permite que los dispositivos Bluetooth transmitan a velocidades de hasta 3 Mbps, que es tres veces la velocidad de transmisión de Bluetooth 1.2 tecnología. Como resultado, además de una transmisión de audio más estable y un menor consumo de energía, puedes aprovechar al máximo el ancho de banda para conectar varios dispositivos Bluetooth al mismo tiempo.
Módulo Bluetooth de alta velocidad: El módulo Bluetooth de alta velocidad se lanzó en 2009, El representante principal es compatible con Bluetooth. 3.0 módulo de protocolo, la nueva tecnología de Alta Velocidad, puedes hacer llamadas por Bluetooth 802.11 WiFi utilizado para lograr transmisión de datos de alta velocidad, la velocidad de transmisión de hasta 24Mbps, es el módulo Bluetooth tradicional de 8 veces.
El módulo Bluetooth clásico se utiliza generalmente para la transmisión continua de audio y el volumen de datos es una transmisión relativamente grande., como la voz, música, auriculares inalámbricos, transferencia de archivos entre dispositivos, impresoras, Altavoces inalámbricos, etc..
(2) Módulo Bluetooth de baja potencia
Módulo de baja potencia (Bolle) significa un módulo que soporta el 2010 lanzamiento del protocolo Bluetooth 4.0 o superior . La característica más importante es la reducción de costos y consumo de energía. . La tecnología Bluetooth de bajo consumo utiliza intervalos de tiempo de conexión variables. El intervalo se puede configurar según la aplicación específica desde unos pocos milisegundos hasta unos segundos, desde la tecnología BLE utilizando una conexión muy rápida., para que pueda estar en el «no conexión» estado (ahorro de energía), cuando la conexión entre los dos extremos del enlace sólo es necesaria para abrir el enlace, y luego cerrar el enlace en el menor tiempo posible. Entonces el enlace se cierra en el menor tiempo posible..
El Bluetooth de bajo consumo se utiliza en tiempo real. Los requisitos son relativamente altos., pero baja velocidad, Bajo consumo de energía de la escena., como ratón y teclado, detectores de frecuencia cardíaca y termómetros y otros dispositivos sensores, Inicio inteligente, Ropa inteligente, como la necesidad de grandes cantidades de interacción de datos en escenarios., es muy adecuado para aplicaciones de Internet de las cosas.
para resumir, El Bluetooth clásico no es una versión obsoleta de BLE.. El Bluetooth clásico y el Bluetooth de bajo consumo coexisten y se utilizan en diferentes aplicaciones., que dependen completamente de las diferentes necesidades de cada persona.
2.Categorizado por soporte para protocolos.
Según la cantidad de soporte de pila de protocolos Bluetooth, se puede dividir en módulo monomodo y módulo de modo dual.. El concepto de modo único y modo dual solo está disponible después de la aparición de BLE Bluetooth. Debemos elegir el módulo requerido según el costo., aplicación y función.
(1) Módulo monomodo
El módulo monomodo es el módulo que admite un determinado protocolo Bluetooth, sólo el clásico Bluetooth (BT) protocolo o Bluetooth de bajo consumo (Bolle) protocolo.
(2) módulo de modo dual
Los módulos de modo dual son módulos que admiten tanto el clásico Bluetooth (BT) Protocolo y Bluetooth de bajo consumo. (Bolle) protocolo, y puede ejecutar dos conjuntos de pilas de protocolos. Hay dos tipos de módulos de modo dual.: Bluetooth clásico (solo datos)+ BLE y Bluetooth clásico (datos+audio)+ Bolle. Los módulos de modo dual tienen buena flexibilidad y compatibilidad.
El modo dual Bluetooth es sin duda la corriente principal del futuro.. Consumo de energía del Bluetooth clásico, 4.0 después de Bluetooth BLE, el consumo de energía es pequeño, pero no es compatible con el protocolo de audio y debido a limitaciones de velocidad de transmisión de datos, El modo dual Bluetooth es una combinación de las ventajas y desventajas de los dos., Puede soportar ambas transmisiones de audio., can also support data transmission, bajo consumo de energía, and compatibility is the sum of the two.
3.Categorized by function
Standing in the Bluetooth module to transmit the size of of the functional point of view content, can be divided into the following categories.
(1) Data module
The general use of more data modules, es decir. Bluetooth low power, also known as Bluetooth transmission module. Because the amount of data is not large, the transmission of proximity, operation and standby power consumption has strict requirements for the device is a good choice. Due to the advantages of power consumption, Bluetooth 4.0 module has now occupied most of the share of mobile data transmission, and the size and share is expected to continue to grow.
(2) Audio Module
The audio module requires a very large bit of streaming data, so it is more suitable for the classic Bluetooth module.
(3) Composite data and audio modules
It can transmit voice, audio and data at the same time. Under the trend of mobile Internet, data+ audio application, the dual mode module with data and audio composite is a good choice.2\According to the protocol support points
4. According to the chip design classification
This is differentiated according to the type of storage used by the Bluetooth chip in the module.
(1) ROM version
En general, the chip manufacturer’s ROM version of the chip, characterised by the chip manufacturer, will be the standard application PROFILES cured in the chip. Usually a fixed function, the user can not modify the program in the chip. Can be connected to an external EEPROM, storage space is small, can be used to store Bluetooth address, device name, PIN code , etc..
Use the ROM version of the chip to do less differentiation of the product, but the development is simple. For some conventional products, they do not need deep customization of the product. The choice of ROM version of the chip can be developed to speed up the development progress, speed up the time to market. Suitable for large-scale mass production, the price is very low, more commonly used for dongles, Bluetooth headset modules, cell phone modules, mouse and keyboard modules, etc., can modify the configuration parameters, but the basic function is fixed. Large-scale civilian products generally use the ROM version of the module, such as USB Bluetooth adapters on the market, because most of the protocol will run inside the PC. The chip processing power requirements are very low, so the chip manufacturer will launch very low-priced products.
(2) FLASH version
Chips are generally built-in FLASH, storage space is large. If you want to do some customer-defined products, such as the need to add some sensors, communication with external MCU, increase Bluetooth protocol or service, you need to use the FLASH version of the chip in the FLASH version of the existing project to add their own engineering code, develop their own firmware, to make a differentiated product. Relatively speaking , it is more flexible.
FLASH version of the chip price is high, but the user can be carried out according to their own application needs, due to the chip built-in FLASH storage, the performance of its performance, while built-in audio codec circuitry, suitable for a variety of voice gateway and other applications. Industrial Bluetooth applications should generally use the FLASH version of the chip produced by the module, rápido, with high integration, alta confiabilidad, high performance indicators and other characteristics.
(3) EXT version
EXT module chip without FLASH memory, the need to expand the memory device, the user can carry out application development, characterized by moderate prices, shortcomings are stability, power consumption and other performance differences, while most EXT chip does not have audio decoding circuits, such as the need to realizeio transmission needs to be connected to an external codec device.
5. Classification according to power
In terms of power, there is a difference between low-power Bluetooth and classic Bluetooth.
Low power Bluetooth has no power level, the transmission distance can be more than 100m, 5.0 protocol distance even up to 300m, the specific distance depends on the product design power. The modulation of Bluetooth Low Power technology is slightly different from traditional Bluetooth technology. This different modulation uses a 10mwdb wireless chipset (Low Power Bluetooth’s maximum power) to achieve a connection range of up to 300m, which means that the entire range of homes and buildings can be covered, achieving a more robust and reliable connection.
Classic Bluetooth has three levels of power, expressed in Class. According to the Bluetooth specification, Class is not used to specify distance, but to indicate transmit power. Bluetooth module transmit power parameters are determined, the actual transmit efficiency and RF circuit, antenna efficiency related to the Bluetooth module communication distance and transmit power, reception sensitivity and application environment is closely related to Bluetooth work in the 2.4G band, penetration capacity is poor, in the case of blocking, should be in the actual field to test the communication effect. The purpose of power control is to control the radiation within the limits without interfering with the normal operation of neighboring Bluetooth devices, using the link management protocol to realize the power control algorithm between master and slave devices.
(1) Clase 1
Clase 1 output power of 1mW (0dbm) to 100mW (20dbm), support for 100m transmission distance, in order to achieve the maximum range, power control is mandatory. Clase 1 is used in high-power, long-distance Bluetooth products, but because of the high cost and high power consumption, it is not suitable for cooperation with personal communication products (teléfonos celulares, Bluetooth headsets, Bluetooth Dongle, etc.), so it is mostly used in long-distance transmission.
Generalmente, few people will use long-distance transmission, but if you want to transmit audio over a long distance, connect audio over a long distance, and more commonly in some large-scale venues, stages, and industrial scenarios, using a Bluetooth adapter that supports Class 1 is the best solution.
(2) Clase 2
Clase 2 output power of 0.25mW (-6dbm) to 2.5mW (4dbm), power control is optional, under normal circumstances 1mW (0dbm) supports 10m transmission distance, as long as the transmitter power can exceed 0dBm is part of the scope of Class 2, but if more than 4dBm, then it is Class 1.
Most of the common Bluetooth devices on the market today are power consumption Class 2, mostly used in cell phones, Bluetooth headsets, Bluetooth Dongle personal communication products, power consumption and smaller size, while easy to carry.
(3) Clase 3
Clase 3 output power ≤ 1mW (0dbm), support 1m transmission distance. With the lowest output power, Clase 3 devices are not common due to their very limited range of coverage.
6. Classification according to the support temperature
(1) Commercial grade
The temperature range is about 0℃~70℃. Generally used in ordinary consumer products, more common in life and lower prices are cheaper. Suitable for environmental conditions (como la temperatura, EMC and mechanical stress) at a mild to moderate level in consumer product applications. Such as a variety of consumer electronics, smart home appliances, dispositivos de entretenimiento, mobile computing, camaras, monitores, routers and test equipment.
(2) Industrial Grade
The temperature range is about -40°C to 85°C. Generally used in industrial environments, but also able to operate outdoors where the environment is not so good or where there is interference. Compared to commercial grade products, industrial grade products can withstand more extreme environments, and are suitable, expected, or required to be used in types or qualities for industrial use, such as transportation, factory automation, and high shock and vibration environments.
(3) Automotive grade
The temperature range is approximately -40℃ to 125℃. Generally used in automobiles or harsh environments, due to the high heat generated during the start-up process of automobiles, it will be a bit higher in terms of high temperature and more expensive than industrial grade, which may be subject to high levels of EMI, collision, shock and vibration, and extreme temperatures. This type of product is therefore designed for automotive, transportation and other mission-critical applications and meets industry-standard automotive specifications.
(4) Military Grade
The temperature range is approximately -55℃ to 150℃. Generally used in military equipment, so the requirements are also the most stringent, mainly used in missiles, aircraft, tanks, aircraft carriers and other military fields. Grade is the most advanced, alta precisión, advanced technology and at the same time expensive, military grade is generally several years ahead of industrial grade time.
