We are a professional PCB solution provider, we provide PCB design, PCB manufacturing, PCB testing and other services to our customers. We have a professional test team in the field of PCB/PCBA, with many years of experience, accumulated a large number of practical cases, to provide customers with PCB test solutions, more than 10 years of high-end technical standards and high-quality technical services deep customer praise.
Why PCBs need to be tested
Testing is to find problems with the product and solve them in time to ensure the quality of the PCB. PCB testing has these benefits:
1. Discover errors: The main benefit of PCB testing is that it can effectively identify problems in the PCB. Whether the problem is functional, manufacturable or otherwise, PCB testing can identify problems in the PCB design and layout so that designers can make adjustments accordingly.
2. Cost reduction: By using prototypes and small-scale assembly to test products, PCB testing prevents waste caused by producing defective products. By completing comprehensive testing early in the design process, designers can prevent defective PCBs from being mass-produced, ensuring that the design is as defect-free as possible before going into production. This step helps to significantly reduce production costs.
3. Save time: In the long run, early-stage PCB testing helps save time and allows designers to identify major problems during the prototyping phase. Complete testing allows designers to quickly and easily identify the root cause of problems and make adjustments so they can move on to production faster and shorten product lead times.
4. Reduce return rates: When companies perform PCB testing, they can effectively reduce the chances of selling defective products or products that do not meet performance standards. This reduces the costs associated with refunds to customers and disposal of defective goods. In addition, fewer returned products can increase customer satisfaction and improve the company’s reputation.
5. Improve safety: Because printed circuit boards are often used in basic electronics, their failure can pose significant problems for a company’s productivity or the organization’s ability to provide basic services. Defective printed circuit boards can cause accidents such as fires and, in severe cases, injuries to nearby workers. Pre-manufacturing testing also ensures that machines and workers are not damaged or injured during production due to improper design.
Our Testing Services
We have a professional testing team that can provide a wide range of testing services for PCBs
Flying probe test
Flying probe tester is an improvement of the traditional needle bed in-line tester, it can use the probe to replace the needle bed, the X-Y mechanism is equipped with 4, 6 or 8 test probes that can move at high speed respectively, the minimum test gap is 0.2mm. when working in the test unit through the belt or other UUT transfer system to the test machine, and then fixed test machine probe contact test pads and access holes, so as to test the individual components in the test unit. Thus, the individual components of the unit under test are tested. In addition to test points, flying probe machines can access uncovered vias or the ends of components themselves as test points and can be programmed to check the values of passive components, directly check the orientation of diodes/transistors, and perform voltage measurements.
Flying probe testing is used to check for:
Open circuit, short circuit, reverse charge, capacitance, inductance, diode problems.
Advantages of flying probe testing:
Rapid test development;
Lower cost test methods;
Flexibility for rapid changeover;
and quick feedback for designers during the prototype phase.
The 8-pin flying probe tester can be used for double-sided testing, saving board turning time.
AOI testing
AOI stands for Automatic Optical Inspection, which is based on optical principles to detect common defects encountered in soldering production. During automatic inspection, the machine automatically scans the PCB board through the camera, captures images, and compares the detected solder joints with the qualified parameters in the database. After image processing, the defects on the PCB are checked and automatically marked by the display to show/mark the defects for repair by maintenance personnel.
The main features of AOI testing.
(1). High efficiency inspection, independent of PCB mounting density.
(2). For different inspection items, combined with optical imaging processing technology, there are different detection methods.
(3). Concise and user-friendly interface, easy to get started with the operation.
(4). Display the actual defective image, easy for the operator to carry out the final visual verification.
(5). Statistical NG data and analysis of defective causes, real-time feedback to the machine tool process information.
ICT testing
PCBA ICT is currently the most powerful and popular type of PCBA testing for high-volume and mature products, and a popular PCB testing method trusted by many PCB manufacturers and customers. Its fault coverage rate exceeds 95%. During PCBA ICT, an electrical probe in the form of a bed of nails sends current through a specific location on the board at a designated test point. These tests are used to verify the correct function, location, orientation and defects of each electronic component on the PCB. The tests include verification of short circuits, open circuits, resistance, capacitance and other parameters. The bed of the nail tester simply pushes the circuit board down on the probe bed to begin testing. Access points are pre-designed on the circuit board to allow ICT test probes to be attached to the circuit.
ICT testing features:
(1). Able to fully detect in just a few seconds whether the parts on the assembled circuit board – resistors, capacitors, inductors, transistors, diodes, voltage regulator diodes, photocouplers, relays and other parts – are operating within the specifications we designed.
(2). Able to find out where the process is bad, such as leakage, Bending, Short, Bridge, Miss-Oriented, Wrong part, Open, poor soldering and other problems, feedback to the process improvement.
(3). Ability to provide the above fault or defect information to maintenance personnel in the form of printouts or reports, including fault location, part standard values, and test values for maintenance personnel to refer to. It can effectively reduce the dependence of personnel on product technology, without the need to understand the product line, as well as the ability to repair.
Automatic X-ray Inspection (AXI)
X-ray inspection of PCBs is required when there are solder joints or pads of lead-free components that cannot be seen through a microscope or with the naked eye. x-rays can penetrate PCBs and component bodies to produce 2D or even 3D images of solder joints. This makes it ideal for detecting hidden solder joints, such as those under chip packages and ball grid array packages. AXI inspection can also detect solder voids in a way that many other optical inspection methods cannot. AXI can be a useful tool for early detection of defects, enabling engineers to make process adjustments to eliminate the source of the problem. In this test, the X-ray technician was able to locate defects early in the manufacturing process by observation.
Features and Benefits of Automated X-ray Inspection
(1). Ease of use
The automated X-ray inspection service is very easy to use. Therefore, it is ideal for high volume production. It has a friendly and flexible user interface. So, one does not have to struggle in operating it.
(2). Resolution & Magnification
Magnification and resolution are important parameters to identify the detection capability of the machine. AXI offers very high image resolution and magnification. Therefore, even the smallest products can be detected accurately.
(3). Programmable illumination
Illumination is essential for any machine that performs inspection by imaging. This exposes more defects and flaws. Automated X-ray inspection systems allow programmable illumination. Therefore, we are able to control the amount of illumination as needed. Thus, it allows accurate detection of even the smallest defects and flaws.
PCB functional testing
We have high precision PCB function testing instrument, its high degree of test automation, can improve the efficiency and accuracy of pcba testing, through simple programming, can be used for all circuit board pcba function testing field, especially suitable for automotive electronics, aerospace, military and other electronic products used for important occasions. The system adopts high-precision measurement module, the test efficiency (about 0.2 seconds/step) and accuracy is very high; with perfect self-test function, you can self-check and maintain the system at any time; with automatic learning function, according to the characteristics of the object under test, automatically select and set the measurement state to improve the measurement accuracy.
Advantages of functional testing:
Discover potential circuit abnormalities.
Measures power absorption at a specific point in a circuit.
Flexible and highly customizable, almost all types of PCBs can be tested.
Cheaper and more convenient than other test methods that require specialized equipment.
Integrated solutions for PCB/PCBA products
PCBA failure analysis
● Destructive analysis
● Physical property analysis
● Environmental simulation
● Process stress monitoring, etc.
PCBA composition analysis
● PCB ink composition ● Electroplating chemical plating solution
● Protective agent components ● Etching solution components
●Cleaning agent composition
●Organic silicone composition
●Resin & semi-cured sheet composition analysis, etc.
Mechanical properties:
● PCB warpage ● Laminate bending strength, etc.
Mechanical properties
● Glass transition temperature ● Thermal cracking temperature, etc.
Electrical properties
● Insulation resistance ● Surface/volume resistivity, etc.
Nondestructive/internal structure morphology analysis
Nondestructive analysis:
● X-ray fluoroscopy ● CT
● Ultrasound scan
Internal structure profiling
● Slicing ● Plating thickness
● Plating composition ● Scanning electron microscope analysis, etc.
PCBA climatic environment reliability test
● Rapid temperature change ● Hot and cold shock
● Alternating salt spray ● Cyclic salt spray
● Cyclic salt spray ● Constant humidity and heat
● Water and dust resistance ● Gas corrosion
UV test ● Xenon lamp test
● Low temperature storage / high temperature storage
PCBA mechanical environment reliability test
● Vibration ● Vibration
● Drop ● Adhesion
● Tri-combination test
● Mechanical shock test
● Highly Accelerated Stress Test HAST
● Highly Accelerated Life Test HALT HASS
PCB test content
The purpose of PCB testing and inspection is to check the performance of the PCB against standard printed circuit boards. To ensure that all PCB manufacturing processes are functioning properly and without any defects according to the project specifications.
A PCB consists of different elements, components, each of which affects the overall performance of the electronic circuit. A detailed analysis of these elements is performed to ensure PCB quality. The tests to be performed should include the following checks.
Lamination: The quality of lamination is critical to the life of the PCB. Laminate peeling can directly lead to problems with board function. Typically, laminate testing is used to test the resistance of the laminate to peeling by force or heat.
Hole wall quality: Hole walls are typically analyzed in environments with cycling and rapid temperature changes to understand how they react to thermal effects. Ensure that the hole walls do not crack or delaminate when the PCB is put into service.
Copper plating: Copper foil is applied to the printed circuit board to provide electrical conductivity. The quality of the copper is tested and analyzed in detail for tensile strength and elongation.
Cleanliness: The cleanliness of a printed circuit board is a measure of the board’s ability to withstand environmental factors such as weather resistance, corrosion and humidity.
Solderability: Solderability tests are performed on materials to ensure that components can be safely attached to the board and to prevent solder defects in the final product.
Electrical Testing: Electrical conductivity is critical to any PCB, as is the ability to measure the minimum leakage current of the PCB.
Cleanliness: The cleanliness of a printed circuit board is a test of the board’s ability to resist environmental factors such as corrosion and moisture.
Environmental testing: This is a test of the performance and quality changes of a PCB operating in a humid environment. Weight comparisons are usually made before and after the PCB is placed in a humid environment, and if the weight changes significantly, it is considered scrap.
CONTACT INFO
: 4/F,5/F,6/F Xingyuan Technology Park, Gushu Tongda Road, Xixiang Town Baoan District, Shenzhen , Guangdong, China 518102
: Area A3, Phung Nenh Truce Industrial Zone(Nam Giang Industrial Park), Viet An City, Bac Giang Province, Vietnam
: +86-15817390087
: +86-755-23108895
: +86-755-29129721
: Victor Zhang
:sales@leadsintec.com
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